聚磺酰胺/聚乙烯(PSA/PE)耐酸复合膜的制备及渗透汽化脱盐性能

以间苯二磺酰氯(BDSC)为有机相单体、二胺和多胺类化合物为水相单体，通过界面聚合法在聚乙烯(PE)微滤膜上制备了聚磺酰胺(PSA)/PE渗透汽化复合膜。经配方和工艺优化，确定了PSA/PE复合膜的制备条件为：将聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)与间苯二胺(MPD)以5∶1的质量比共混作为水相单体，将PE膜直接浸润到水相中，然后浸入含有0.5%BDSC的有机相中进行界面聚合反应。测定了在优化条件下制备的PSA/PE复合膜的渗透汽化脱盐性能和耐酸性，结果表明：在料液为3.5% NaCl水溶液、温度为75 ℃的条件下，PSA/PE复合膜的水通量为35.1 kg/(m²·h)，截盐率达99.85%；在20% H₂SO₄溶液中浸泡6个月后，其脱盐性能不变，化学结构稳定。

Preparation and pervaporation desalination performance of polysulfonamide/polyethylene (PSA/PE) acid resistant composite membranes

Polysulfonamide (PSA)/polyethylene (PE) pervaporation composite membranes have been prepared on PE microfiltration membranes by interfacial polymerization using isobenzenedisulfonyl chloride (BDSC) as the organic phase monomer, with diamine and polyamine compounds as the aqueous phase monomer. By formulation and process optimization, the optimum preparation conditions of PSA/PE composite membrane were found to be as follows: polyethyleneimine (PEI) and m-phenylenediamine (MPD) were blended with a mass ratio of 5∶1 as the water phase monomer, the PE film was directly infiltrated into the water phase, and then immersed into the organic phase containing 0.5% BDSC for interfacial polymerization. The pervaporation desalination performance and acid resistance of a PSA/PE composite membrane prepared under the optimized conditions were measured. The results showed that the water flux of the PSA/PE composite membrane was 35.1 kg/(m²·h), and the desalination rate reached 99.85% when using a 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution at 75 ℃. After soaking in 20% H₂SO₄ solution for six months, the desalination performance remained unchanged, showing that the chemical structure is very stable.