电动汽车制动能量回收最大化影响因素分析

对再生制动的原理和能量流动进行了分析,并讲述了制动功率、再生制动功率、制动能量回收效率等之间的关系和计算方法.从分析中得出电机、蓄电池、液压制动系统是影响制动能量回收的主要因素,并重点分析了制动管路布置型式对制动能量回收的影响.针对典型的理想制动工况,计算出前轴电驱动汽车在制动能量回收方面的潜力和制动能量回收效率,但结果并不理想.通过对比发现,双轴电驱动汽车无论是在制动能量回收潜力还是在制动能量回收效率以及制动效能方面都有能力达到最优.

Maximum Braking Energy Recovery of Electric Vehicles and Its Influencing Factors

First, the principle and energy flow of regenerative braking are analyzed. According to the analysis, relations among braking power, regenerative braking power and braking energy recovery efficiency are acquired. It is also derived from the analysis that motor, battery and hydraulic brake system are main factors that affect braking energy recovery. Among these factors, the influences of layout of brake pipes are specially introduced. Under ideal and typical braking condition, the potential of braking energy recovery and braking energy recovery efficiency of front-axis electric drive vehicles can be calculated, but the results are not satisfactory. By comparison and analysis, dual-axis electric drive vehicles can be able to achieve optimal performances on the potential of braking energy recovery, braking efficiency and braking energy recovery efficiency.