生活垃圾焚烧飞灰的污染特性

垃圾焚烧会产生含重金属等污染物的烟气净化系统飞灰 .根据上海浦东新区生活垃圾焚烧厂飞灰的重金属和溶解盐测试分析结果 ,以及国外对飞灰中二口恶口英等有机污染物的研究 ,分析了我国垃圾焚烧飞灰的污染特性 .研究结果表明 :按我国危险废物浸出毒性鉴别标准 ,飞灰属危险废物 ;Pb ,Cd ,Hg和Zn是飞灰中的主要重金属污染元素 ;可浸出部分Cd主要以离子交换态和酸溶态形式存在 ,而Pb和Zn主要以酸溶态形式存在 ,因此在酸性环境条件下飞灰的重金属污染风险会显著增加 .飞灰溶解盐为 2 2 .1% ,主要为氯化物 ,其存在会增大其它污染物的溶解度 ;飞灰处置时可能会污染地下水体 .飞灰含少量二口恶口英和呋喃等有机污染物 ,有污染环境和危害人类健康的风险

Pollution Characteristics of Air Pollution Control Residues from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Plant

During incineration,air pollution control (APC) system residues will be produced which contain heavy metals and other contaminants.Pollution characteristics of APC residues are analyzed based on the experimental results about heavy metal charcateristics and soluble salts of the APC residues from Shanghai Pudong New Area municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) Plant,together with research results about dioxins and furans in other literatures.It is concluded that the APC residues are hazardous waste according to the National Identification Standard for Hazardous Wastes-Extraction Procedure Toxicity;Pb,Cd,Hg and Zn are the main heavy metals of concern in the APC residues which may do great harm to environments; leachable Cd is mainly composed of exchangeable and acid soluble Cd,while Pb and Zn in leachate are mainly acid soluble,thus easily leaching from the residues and causing pollution under acid conditions; the content of soluble salts is 22.1%,mainly in chlorides,which may increase solubility of some contaminants and pollute groundwater when disposed.Dioxins and furans in APC residues pose the risks of environmental safety and human health.