亚太地区玉米质量标准对比分析

通过对亚太地区部分经济体及国际食品法典委员会对玉米质量标准中的质量指标和部分重要安全指标进行对比分析,总结得出,各经济体玉米标准对质量要求的方向是相同的,设置的质量指标大同小异,主要是以容重、不完善粒、杂质、水分、色泽气味等指标进行质量分级,按玉米种皮颜色进行分类；在术语定义、检测仪器、检验方法、感官检验和质量要求等方面均存在不同,相同样品使用不同经济体的标准检测和判定时,质量等级和结果判定会存在差异；重要安全指标如真菌毒素、外来种子等差异较大,尤其是国际公认的外来有害种子。建议启动亚太地区玉米容重、杂质、不完善粒、水分等重要指标测定方法的研究,统一相关测定方法和仪器设备,制作感官检测指标的可视化参照系统；开展多层面检测技术人员研讨和交流,收集玉米样品检测数据,进一步分析不同经济体玉米标准的实际差异；增加国际同行沟通与协调,推动区域玉米质量标准协同一致,形成统一或相似贸易技术标准体系,提高效率,实现区域玉米贸易便利化和一体化。

Comparative Analysis of Maize Quality Standards in Asia Pacific Region

Based on the comparative analysis of the quality indexes and some important food safety indexes among the maize standards of some economies in the Asia Pacific region and the international Codex Alimentarius Commission, the report concluded that the tendency quality requirements of maize standards in various economies were the same, and the used quality indicators were similar. The maize quality standards of the economies tended to grade maize by the indexes of test weight, unsound grain, foreign mater, moisture, color, odor, and etc, to classify maize by the color of maize seed. There were differences in terms of definitions, testing instruments, testing methods, sensory testing and quality requirements. And the quality grade and result determination of the same sample tested and judged using the standard of different economies were divergent . Important safety indexes such as mycotoxins and exotic seeds varied greatly, especially the internationally recognized exotic harmful seeds. The suggestions were that we should start the research on the determination methods of test weight, unsound grain, foreign mater, moisture and other important indicators of maize in the Asia-Pacific region, unify the relevant determination methods and equipment, make a visual reference system for sensory detection indicators; and carry out discussions and exchanges among multi-layer testing technicians, collect testing data of maize samples, and further analyze the actual differences of maize standards in different economies; increase international peer communication and promote the coordination on maize quality standards, in order to form a unified or similar technical standard system conducive to realizing regional trade facilitation and integration.