茶树花多糖研究进展

茶树花与茶叶同根共生,但往往被视为茶树的废弃物,不能很好地加以利用,从而造成资源的浪费与损失。茶树花含有丰富的活性物质,其中茶树花中的多糖成分与茶叶中含有的多糖成分基本相同,但含量明显高于茶鲜叶。茶树花多糖具有降血糖、抗氧化、免疫调节作用及抗肿瘤、肝保护、抗凝血等多种生物活性,是非常宝贵的新资源食品。茶树花多糖主要的提取方法包括溶剂提取法、酶法提取、微波辅助提取和超声辅助提取法。提取出的茶树花粗多糖,一般需要经过脱蛋白、脱色、色谱柱分离等纯化工艺,得到纯净的茶树花多糖。目前,围绕茶树花多糖的研究报道较少,值得对其进行深入研究。聚焦茶树花这一新资源食品,围绕茶树花多糖的生物活性、提取方法、分离纯化方法等方面进行阐述,以期为研究茶树花及其多糖活性物质的开发利用提供新的研究思路。

Research Progress on Tea Flower Polysaccharide

Tea blossom and tea leaf hare the same root system, however, the tea blossom is often regarded as the waste of tea tree without well utilization, which results in the waste and loss of resources. Tea blossom is rich in active substances, and there are similar polysaccharides in tea blossom and tea, while the content of polysaccharides in tea blossom is significantly higher than that in fresh tea leaf. Tea flower polysaccharides have many functions, such as lowering blood sugar, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, liver protection, anticoagulant and etc. It might be a very valuable new resource food. The main extraction methods of tea flower polysaccharides included solvent extraction, enzyme extraction, microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction. The purified tea flower polysaccharides were obtained via deproteinization, decolorization, chromatographic column classification and other purification processes from crude tea flower polysaccharides. At present, there was few report focused on tea flower polysaccharide, which is worthy of further study. Focusing on the new resource food of tea blossom, this paper expounded the functions, extraction methods, separation and purification methods of tea flower polysaccharides, and introduced its current research progress, so as to provide new research ideas for the development and utilization of tea flower polysaccharides and its active substances.