港口区位势模式及其增长机制

将区位势概念模式运用到港口区位与腹地相互关系,建立了港口区位势的数学模型,定量分析港口区位发展潜力和竞争力。在腹地分析方面,鉴于现代港口腹地交叉重叠和动态多变的特征,舍去将腹地分为直接、间接腹地的传统做法,将现有或潜在的与港口间有货源联系的地方统称为港口腹地;考虑到货主选择港口是一个多目标决策的过程,提出以涵盖时间支出、经济费用和风险承担三因素的全程广义运输成本的概念。从世界经济与全球航运发展趋势的角度,探讨港口区位势增长的内在机制。最后,以温州港为例,对港口区位势理论模型进行实证研究。

A Study on the Mode and Development Mechanism of the Port Locational Potential

The competition ability of a port is mainly decided by its capability of transhipping the hinterland cargoes.This paper establishes the model of seaport location potential to quantitatively analyse the competition ability of a seaport in the regional system.In the hinterland aspect,based on the overlapped and crossed characters of the modern seaport hinterland,this paper gives up the traditional way which divides the hinterland into the direct and indirect ones, and divides the hinterlands into realistic and potential one,according to the present or future source contact connection to the port.In the transport cost aspect,in consideration of that the process of the cargoowners choosing port is a multi-target decision-making one,the notion of the total generalised transportation cost is discussed,which covers the time expenditure,money expenses and the risk undertaking.In view of the development trend of the world economy and world shipping,the paper discusses the mechanism of the port location potential development by optimising the port's collecting and dispersing system,increasing the productivity efficiency and the service level,and satisfying the request of the shipping scale-economy to lower the total generalised transportation cost.