制造企业衍生服务运营模式决策：自营与外包的权衡

随着服务在制造企业创收中占比的不断增加，服务衍生已成为实现服务型制造的有效手段，但产品制造的相对集中与服务提供的绝对分散困扰着制造企业衍生服务的自营/外包决策。针对1家制造企业和1家服务承包商出售一类实物产品及一项衍生服务的情形，构建了衍生服务自营与外包两类模式下的博弈模型。结果表明：衍生服务自营/外包的决策受服务水平、产品服务相关性、服务提供优势系数及收益共享系数等多因素影响；自营或外包模式下，衍生服务水平及服务提供优势系数对双方利润的促进作用存在边界，且产品服务相关性对衍生服务水平以及双方利润存在促进作用；外包模式下，收益共享系数的制定应以实现外包双方价值更大创造为目的。

Operational Decision-Making of Derivative Services in Manufacturing Companies：Trade-off Between Self-Operation and Outsourcing

As the proportion of services in the revenue of manufacturing companies continues to increase, service derivative has become an effective way to achieve the service-oriented manufacturing. However, the relative concentration of product manufacturing and the absolute decentralization of service provision have been perplexing the self-operating/outsourcing decision-making of manufacturing companies on derivative services. Aimed at the situation where a manufacturing company and a service contractor sells one type of physical product and derivative service, a game model under two models of derivative service self-operation and outsourcing was constructed. The results show that the decision-making of self-operation/outsourcing on derivative services is affected by multiple factors such as service level, product service relevance, service provision advantage coefficient, and revenue sharing coefficient. In the self-operation or outsourcing mode, there is a boundary between the derivative service level and the service provision advantage coefficient to promote the profits of both parties. The product service relevance promotes the derivative service level and the profits of both parties. In the outsourcing mode, the revenue sharing coefficient should be set for the purpose of achieving greater value creation for both parties.