低轨回归轨道卫星轨迹漂移特性分析与控制

针对低轨回归轨道卫星，建立了星下点轨迹漂移的数学模型，研究了星下点轨迹保持控制的问题。首先，分析了回归轨道星下点轨迹的约束条件，给出了星下点轨迹漂移与卫星轨道根数偏差之间的关系。在此基础上，将星下点轨迹保持控制问题转化为基于平均轨道根数的相对轨道控制问题，其中参考卫星是虚拟的，仅受到地球引力影响，利用高斯摄动方程建立了包含J₂摄动和大气阻力摄动的相对运动方程，基于Lyapunov理论设计了星下点轨迹保持的相对平均轨道根数反馈控制律。仿真结果表明，所设计的星下点轨迹控制律能有效地实现星下点轨迹保持的要求。

Analysis and control of groundtrack drift for recursive low earth orbit satellites

For recursive low earth orbit satellites, the groundtrack drift model is formulated and the control problem of groundtrack maintenance is investigated. Firstly, the restriction condition for recursive groundtrack is analyzed and the relationship between groundtrack drift and satellite orbital element deviation is given. Then, the groundtrack maintenance control problem is transformed to a relative orbit control problem using mean orbit elements, in which the reference satellite is virtual and only affected by gravitational orbit perturbation. The relative motion is modeled by Gauss’s variational equations including J₂ and drag perturbations. Based on the Lyapunov theory, the control law for satellite groundtrack maintenance is proposed in terms of relative mean orbital elements. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme can effectively achieve the purpose of groundtrack maintenance.