抽油机井应用气锚节能效果的计算机仿真研究

考虑气锚分离效率对泵筒内气液比的影响以及对抽油杆柱振动井下边界条件的影响,改进了抽油泵排量系数的仿真模型,建立了以悬点示功图仿真为基础的电动机实耗功率仿真模型。仿真分析结果表明:(1)气油比、含水率、沉没度、余隙长度对排量系数有显著影响;(2)气影响是导致低沉没度抽油机井排量系数低的主要原因;(3)在低沉没度、气影响较严重的油井中,应用气锚可以显著提高抽油泵的排量系数。(4)在保证油井产量与沉没度不变的条件下,应用气锚可以降低含气抽油机井的抽汲参数,达到节能的目的。(5)应用气锚的节能效果主要取决于油井的气油比和沉没度。在合理降低沉没度的条件下,气油比越大,应用气锚的节能效果越好。在所给算例参数条件下,应用气锚的节能效果达到了40%。

Computer Simulation on Saving Energy Effect Using Gas Anchors in Rod Pumping Wells

The influences of the gas anchor on the gas/liquid ratio and the underground boundary condition of the rod string vibration were considered, and the models of calculating the displacement coefficient and the system import power were setup. The following results are obtained by the simulation results. (1) The gas/oil ratio, water content ratio, submergence depth and clearance distance of the pump are the dominant factors of affecting the displacement coefficient; (2) In the condition of the lower submergence depth, gas affecting is the principal factor leading to the low displacement coefficient; (3) In the rod pumping wells of lower submergence depth and serious gas affecting, using gas anchor can remarkably raise the displacement coefficient; (4) If the liquid production of the lower submergence depth and serious gas affecting wells is kept constant, the suction parameters can be reduced by using a gas anchor, and the aim of remarkably saving energy can be attained; (5) The effect of saving energy of using gas anchor depends on the gas/oil ratio of the oil well and the submergence depth of the pump. In the calculating example, the saving energy result of 40% is attained.