载波跟踪算法综述

随着GPS软件接收机技术的飞速发展,作为其关键技术之一的载波跟踪算法也取得了长足进展。基于一种典型载波跟踪环的结构,将载波跟踪算法归类为纯载波跟踪算法和有外部辅助载波跟踪算法两大类。其中纯载波跟踪算法的关键技术主要有:环路鉴别算法,环路滤波器的优化设计,基于锁相环和锁频环的混合载波跟踪环的设计,智能降噪技术、智能控制技术、智能估计算法和自适应算法的引入等;外部辅助的载波跟踪算法主要存在于各类组合导航系统中,最典型的就是紧耦合或超紧致耦合组合导航系统中利用惯导测量信息对载波跟踪进行辅助。分析了上述各种技术研究的侧重点及工作原理,总结了各种研究侧重点的特点及优缺点,指出了载波跟踪算法的发展方向。

Overview of Carrier Tracking Algorithms

With the rapid development of the software GPS receiver, the tracking method, as the key technology of it, has achieved great development consequently. Based on a common structure of the carrier tracking loop, the carrier tracking algorithms were simply classified as pure carrier tracking algorithm and extern-aided carrier tracking algorithm. The pure carrier tracking technologies, such as the design of phase and frequency discriminator, the design of low-pass filter, the design of hybrid tracking algorithm based on FLL and PLL, the induction of intelligently estimated technology and the noise reduction technology into carrier tracking loops and so forth, were summed up. And the extern-aided carrier tracking technologies, which were commonly used in tightly coupled or ultra-tight coupled GPS/INS integrated navigation systems, were analyzed. The advantage or disadvantage of pure carrier tracking technology and extern-aided carrier tracking technology were summed up. Meanwhile, the research direction of carrier tracking was proposed.