私家车位共享系统的车位动态预约与分配

为解决城市"停车难"问题,在现有停车位资源下,设计私家车位共享系统,动态收集私家车位空闲时段和公共停车需求的预约,以停车场使用效率最大化为目标、使用停车位的时间不冲突为约束建立0-1整数规划模型并运用MATLAB R2016a中求解器intlinprog进行求解,为停车需求分配停车位.数值实验表明,需求充足能够保证停车场较高水平的使用效率,动态地收集信息并进行分配所得到的停车场使用效率低于提前获知所有车位供给和停车需求信息的情形,业主尽可能提前提交车位可用时段的信息是停车场使用效率提升的关键,也是业主能够通过车位有效利用获得收益的根本.文中的模型为实践中的私家车位共享系统提供理论支撑,对于缓解城市停车问题,减轻交通拥堵和污染排放有重要意义.

Dynamic reservation and allocation in private parking slot sharing system

To manage the parking problem by utilizing the finite resources of parking slots, designing a private parking slot sharing system to collect information of parking slot available time and parking demand dynamically, and allocating parking slots with objective of maximizing parking area utilization and constraints of no time conflict through binary integer program which can be solved by intlinprog solver in MATLAB R2016a. Numerical experiments indicate that sufficient parking demand ensures high utilization rate of parking area, and the utilization rate of parking area under dynamic management is lower than the situation of global demand and supply information. In addition, owners providing availability of their parking slots in advance as early as possible is the key point of elevating parking area utilization, which is also very important for them getting benefits of successfully sharing parking slots. These models can help parking slot sharing system operates well in practice. Further, it also has important sense to alleviate the problem of urban parking and reduce traffic congestion and pollution emission.