考虑交付质量和交付期约束的移动应用供应链决策与协调

针对由ERP厂商、APP厂商与客户企业组成的移动应用供应链,考虑客户企业对软件质量与交付时间存在约束,ERP厂商的售前服务会影响软件开发质量等问题,构建了基于软件质量与交付时间的收益模型,分析了分散与集中决策下双方的最优决策策略以及APP厂商的售后维护成本分担比例与应急成本对双方决策水平的影响,比较了两种决策下对应的合作绩效,提出了双向成本分担与提前交付奖励的供应链协调策略.研究表明:随客户企业的质量感知度增大,ERP厂商通过适当延长交付时间产生的质量改进效应大于延长交付期产生的负效应,使总效应增加;当客户企业的交付期敏感程度小于临界值时,ERP厂商可通过交付高质量软件产品提高自身利润,当交付期敏感程度大于临界值时,可通过提前交付提高自身利润;通过对供应链进行协调,可使原本因无法满足客户企业对质量与交付期的要求而使双方放弃合作的情形变得可合作,使原本可合作时双方的合作绩效与利润更高;当APP厂商独自承担售后维护成本时,实施供应链协调产生的价值大于双方共同承担时对应的值.

Decision and coordination of mobile application supply chain considering under delivery quality and delivery time constraints

In a mobile application supply chain (MASC) consisting of an ERP vendor, an APP vendor and a customer enterprise, the ERP vendor and the APP vendor develop a mobile application system for the customer enterprise jointly. Considering the impact of ERP vendor's pre-sale service on the software quality, we established a revenue model under the constraints of the software delivery time and quality. After obtaining equilibrium results in the centralized and decentralized scenarios respectively, we compared the corresponding cooperation performance in two scenarios. Furthermore, we proposed a supply chain coordination contract based on bidirectional cost sharing and reward of early delivery. The results show that with the increase of the customer enterprise's quality perception, the quality improvement effect produced by extension of delivery time is greater than the negative effect. When the customer enterprise's sensitivity of delivery time is less than the critical value, the ERP vendor can improve its own profit by delivering high quality mobile application system, and when the customer enterprise's sensitivity of delivery time is more than the critical value, the ERP vendor can improve its own profit by early delivering. By implementing the supply chain coordination contract, ERP vendor and the APP vendor can cooperate in the situation where they cannot cooperate under decentralized situation due to being unable to meet the customer enterprise's basic requirements, and furthermore, the ERP vendor and APP vendor can achieve higher profits compared with the profits under decentralized situation. Moreover, the value of supply chain coordination is greater under the situation that the APP vendor undertakes the maintenance cost independently than the situation that the ERP vendor and the APP vendor undertake jointly.