中国制造业生产效率评价:基于并联决策单元的动态DEA方法

在已有的并联决策单元DEA效率评价方法的基础上加入时间维度, 推演出了具有并联决策单元内部结构的复杂系统动态DEA效率评价方法. 该方法克服了传统DEA效率评价方法无视系统内部结构、高估效率指数的缺陷, 并且可以考量决策单元及其内部各生产单位在一个时期内的效率变化, 从而有着更为现实的应用价值. 运用该方法对我国8个经济区域四大类制造业的测算结果显示: “十一五”期间没有一个行业或地区的动态效率指数为0, 这说明我国制造业的生产效率并没有达到最优; 低外向度产业的生产效率增长快于高外向度产业, 低劳动密集度行业的效率改进快于高劳动密集度的行业; 高外向度低劳动密集型产业依然是我国制造业效率改进的'短板"; 劳动密集型产业向中西部转移造成了南部沿海地区制造业生产效率改进的滞后和中西部地区劳动密集型行业的发展.

Chinese manufacturing production efficiency evaluation:Based on dynamic DEA efficiency evaluation for DMU with parallel structure

The parallel system with parallel structure is a typical complex system whose inside structure is combined with many parallel production units instead of the traditional "black box".Integrating the time dimension with DEA efficiency evaluation method for DMU with parallel structure,the dynamic DEA efficiency evaluation index is demonstrated.This method has more practical foundation,because it avoids the defects of traditional DEA efficiency evaluation ignoring system inside structure and overestimating efficiency index and considerate the frequency change of parallel structure and unit in one period.By using this method to our country four broad categories manufacturing in the eight economic regions,the result shows:there is not a industry or region’s dynamic efficiency index is zero in the "11th five-year plan" period, this shows that our manufacturing sector productivity doesn’t achieve optimal,the low extroverted degree industries’ efficiency grows faster than high extroverted degree industries,low labor intensity industries efficiency improves faster than high labor intensity of industry,high extroverted degree of low laborintensive industries is still the "short board" of Chinese manufacturing;Labor-intensive industries are transferred to the Midwest caused the lag of south coastal region manufacturing efficiency improvement and the development of the Midwest region labor-intensive industry.