基于差价补偿策略的集装箱班轮运输定价模型

针对集装箱班轮运输定价问题,构建差价补偿策略下班轮运输的定价模型,研究差价补偿策略下托运人订舱行为和承运人定价决策,分析市场需求波动与承运人定价、差价补偿系数、承运人收益的内在关系,以及承运人定价对托运人订舱量的影响,并通过数值分析进行验证.结果表明:随着市场需求波动的增大,承运人最优定价与最大收益降低,而差价补偿系数增大;且托运人订舱量随着承运人定价的增大而减少.承运人采用差价补偿策略时,市场需求波动存在一个上限值,如果需求波动小于该值,则承运人采用差价补偿策略有利于其提高收益.

A pricing model for the container liner shipping based on price matching policies

A pricing model based on price matching policies is developed for container liner shipping. The shipper's ordering behavior and carrier's pricing decision-making under price matching are formulated by sequential game model. The relationship of demand fluctuation with carrier's pricing, price matching coefficient and carrier's profit; and the effect of carrier's pricing on shipper's booking amount, are analyzed and tested. Results indicate that the carrier's optimal pricing and maximum profit reduce with the increase of the demand fluctuation, yet the price matching coefficient increases. Meanwhile, the shipper's booking amount decreases with the increase of carrier's pricing. There is an upper bound for demand fluctuation, beyond which the price matching policies contribute to the increase of carrier's income.