节能减排政策制定部门的协同有效性——基于1195条节能减排政策的研究

依据收集的1978年至2013年间颁布的1195条节能减排政策,采用统计分析和合著网络分析方法分析了各节能减排政策制定核心部门与其他部门的协同情况.在对各部门制定节能减排政策过程中的协同程度进行量化的基础上,通过构建模型深层次研究了发改委、财政部及环保部等政策制定核心部门两两协同对节能绩效的影响和对减排绩效的影响,探究了环保部与其他节能减排政策制定部门协同的效果.研究表明:改革开放以来,节能减排政策制定部门之间的协同逐渐得到了政府的重视,我国节能减排政策的部门协同现象呈现波动式上升趋势;在节能减排政策制定的协同过程中,财政部、发改委和环保部扮演着环境治理的"铁三角"角色,环保部作为节能减排工作的主要承担部门,与其他部门协同的程度小于财政部和发改委等掌握权力和资源的部门,且环保部与其他两部门的协同对节能减排绩效的影响尚不显著;节能和减排两大技术领域之间并不存在直接对等的关系,同两部门间的协同对节能的影响和对减排的影响存在显著性不同,相关部门在制定节能减排政策时有待进一步认识二者的差异以提高节能减排的效率.本文还从深化部门合作、强化相关部门作用及提高政策的针对性等方面提出了对策建议.

The effectiveness of energy-conservation and emission-reduction policy makers coordination based on the research of 1195 policies

Based on the 1195 energy conservation and emission reduction policies announced from 1978 to 2013, we analyses the situation of sectors' coordination on energy conservation and emission reduction policies' making, as well as coordination between core sector which formulates energy conservation and emission reduction policies and other sectors. On the basis of quantization of policy coordination degree, we developed a series of models to study the effectiveness of policies announced by two of the three core departments consisted of the Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and do further exploration of effectiveness of coordination between the Department of Environmental Protection and other policymakers. The results show that:after the reform and opening-up, Chinese government puts more emphasis on the sectors' coordination in the process of energy conservation and emission reduction policies' making, phenomenon of China's energy conservation and emission reduction policy-making departments coordination presents a fluctuating upward trend; as the main undertaker of energy conservation and emission reduction, the environmental protection department's synergy degree with other policymaker is less than coordination degree between other sectors in power and resources, and the impact of coordination of environmental department and other sectors is not significant; there is no direct relationship between energy-saving and emission-reduction, in order to improve the efficiency of energy-saving and emission-reduction, the relevant departments must pending further understanding of the difference between these two parts. This article also puts forward some suggestions from deepen sectors' cooperation and strengthen the function of the relevant departments.