应急血液多阶段调剂优化

血液是一类特殊的应急物资，在灾害救援中发挥着至关重要的作用. 为提高应急血液保障效率，通过分析血液特性与应急血液保障的阶段性特点，并考虑运输方式对血液质量的影响，建立了一种多阶段优化模型解决多灾点、多品种应急血液调剂问题，设计了一种基于关键受灾点优先的向量编码遗传算法进行求解，并对算法的时间复杂性进行了分析. 最后，以汶川大地震应急血液保障为背景构建算例进行验证，结果表明该遗传算法的计算效率较高，所提的多阶段决策方法在血液新鲜度、血液积压量等方面具有明显优势.

Optimization of multi-stage emergency blood transferring

As a kind of special relief material, blood plays an important role in disaster relief. By analyzing the characteristic of blood and the stage feature of blood supply in disaster relief, as well as considering the impact of transportation mode on blood quality, a multi-stage optimization model was developed for emergency blood transferring problem with multi-type blood products and multiple affected areas, to enhance the efficiency of emergency blood supply. A genetic algorithm with vector coding based on giving priority to key affected areas was proposed and its time complexity was analyzed. Finally, the model and algorithm were verified by a numerical example based on the emergency blood supply process after Wenchuan earthquake. The results show the high efficiency of proposed genetic algorithm and the superiority of proposed multi-stage decision-making method in indexes such as the freshness and the overstock of blood.