西南喀斯特地区水土过程与植被恢复重建*

受地质背景的强烈制约，西南喀斯特地区地表缺水少土，生境异质性高，在人类不合理的土地利用下极易诱发石漠化，是我国生态治理、扶贫攻坚的重点和难点地区。在简要介绍西南喀斯特地区土壤-岩石环境特征的基础上，重点阐述了该区水文-侵蚀过程与规律，探讨了植被恢复现状与治理对策，并提出了未来的发展方向。认为今后应基于水土过程研究，将植被恢复与生态治理和惠民增收有机结合，促进西南喀斯特区域生态与社会经济可持续发展。

Soil water processes and vegetation restoration in karst regions of southwest China

Restricted heavily by the geological background, the improper human land-use activities easily resulted in rocky desertification in the karst regions of southwest China with deficient surface soil and water resources and high habitat heterogeneity, and thus made these regions become the key and difficult areas in China for practicing ecological management and poverty alleviation. Based on the brief introductions of soil-rock environmental characteristics, the hydrological and soil-erosion processes and their laws, and the current conditions of vegetation restoration and control countermeasures, were analyzed in details. Furthermore, the future research prospects were discussed. In order to promote the regional ecological and socioeconomic sustainable development of the karst regions of southwest China, vegetation restoration should be combined with the ecological management and the improvement of people’s livelihood based on intensive study on soil and water processes.