镁基储氢材料的热力学和动力学*

金属和合金的吸放氢反应是储氢材料进行的基本物理化学反应。它应服从基本的热力学和动力学规律。为此，想要改善储氢材料的性能，研发新型的储氢材料就需要对此过程的理论和实验两方面作深入的研究。通过热力学和相图能估算储氢的能力，预估吸放氢的可能温度，但要使储氢材料变得切实可行，还需要靠动力学方面的工作。笔者从热力学和相图入手，研究了储氢材料的特征，分析了传统的动力学处理方法的缺陷，提出了新的动力学模型，从而将为寻求新型的储氢材料提供有效的工具。笔者还总结了从实验上探索的一些新型储氢体系。

Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Material

The hydriding/de hydriding process of metals and alloys is a basic physicochemical reaction which should meet the law of thermodynamics and kinetics. In order to improve the performance of hydrogen storage materials and develop some new kinds of hydrogen storage materials, it is necessary to study thermodynamics and kinetics for this reaction experimentally and theoretically. The thermodynamic knowledge can be used to predict the reaction temperature of hydriding/dehydriding process and estimate the capability of hydrogen storage. Nevertheless, thermodynamics can not tell us the reaction rate that will prevent us from the practical application of hydrogen storage materials. In this paper, a thermodynamic phase diagram analysis was introduced and a new model system for kinetics of hydriding/dehydriding was summarized, based on which, one might find a useful tool for evaluating and designing new hydrogen storage materials.