对我国14—17岁青少年营养状况的分析与评价

通过对我国不同地域、性别14—17岁青少年食物主要成分摄入量，能量、蛋白质、脂肪的食物来源、主要营养素摄入平均值的数理统计和DDP评价，对青少年营养现状和存在的问题进行了分析和阐述，主要的问题有：1）青少年膳食结构不尽合理，主要表现为能源物质摄入量比例的不合理；2）优质蛋白质的食物来源有待改善，主副食（碳水化合物和脂肪）摄入量搭配不科学；3）豆类、奶类、蔬菜和水果摄入量不足。提出了提高青少年营养水平的建议：1）加强宏观指导、营养立法和营养干预，通过法律手段提高食品营养水平，建立科学的膳食结构；2）增强营养知识的普及和提高；3）根据影响青少年膳食结构平衡的主要因素，采取针对性干预措施，培养青少年卫生、科学、健康的生活方式；4）针对食物与营养发展中存在的问题，采取相应措施，大力发展无公害食品生产，优化食物结构。

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrition for Adolescence from 14 to 17 Years Old

Through mathematical statistics and the DDP assessment of major components of food intake,energy,protein,fat in food,and general average of main nutrient intake of young people aged 14-17 in different regions and genders,nutritional situation and existed problem of adolescences have been analyzed and explained.The major problem is:1.dietary pattern of youths is not quite rational,which is mainly shown on unreasonable proportion of intake on energy resources.2.The source of food on high-quality protein should be improved,and the ratio of carbohydrate and fat intake is in imbalance.3.Intake of Beans,milk,vegetables and fruit is inadequate.Finally,it is proposed that the level of youths' nutrition should be improved.