温室零浓度差CO2施肥与送风耦合法对番茄生长的影响

 CO₂匮缺与低风速是温室存在的普遍现象，即使在温室通风状态下也不例外。在温室通风时，为减少CO₂逸散、提高CO₂利用效率，采用零浓度差CO₂施肥法同时进行室内送风，并对试验温室与对照温室内番茄冠层净光合速率、CO₂利用效率、番茄冠层蒸腾速率进行调查。结果表明，当太阳辐射强度从383.5 W·m^-2增加到940.1 W·m^-2时，试验温室番茄冠层净光合速率从1.9 g·m^-2·h^-1升高到5.3 g·m^-2·h^-1，比对照温室番茄冠层净光合速率高出1.3~1.6 倍；而试验温室番茄冠层蒸腾速率从0.17kg·m^-2·h^-1升高到0.56 kg·m^-2·h^-1，比对照温室番茄冠层蒸腾速率高出1.2~1.4 倍；CO₂利用效率近似于1。研究表明，在温室通风状态下采用零浓度差CO₂施肥法同时进行室内送风是设施栽培增产的有效途径。

Zero CO2 Concentration Difference and Enhanced Air Current Speed Method for Tomato Plant Greenhouse

Depletion of CO₂ concentration during daytime together with a low air current speed was observed in a naturally ventilated greenhouse. In a ventilated greenhouse, a zero CO₂ concentration difference method together with an enhanced air current speed was introduced to decrease the CO₂ leakage to outside and improve the CO₂ use efficiency. Rates of canopy net photosynthesis and transpiration and CO₂ use efficiencies were investigated in tomato experiment greenhouse and control greenhouse, respectively. The results show that when solar radiation increases from 383.5 W·m^-2 to 940.1 W·m^-2, the canopy net photosynthesis rate increases from 1.9 g·m^-2·h^-1 to 5.3 g·m^-2·h^-1, which is 1.3-1.6 times higher than that in the control greenhouse, and the canopy transpiration rate increases from 0.17 kg·m^-2·h^-1 to 0.56 kg·m^-2·h^-1, which is 1.2-1.4 times higher than that in the control greenhouse. The CO₂ use efficiency is around 1. The above result indicates that the null CO₂ balance concentration method together with enhanced air current speed should be considered as an efficient method for improving plant production in protected cultivation.