生物质洗脱过程中矿物质和分子结构的变化

实验选用鄱阳湖典型水生植物芦苇为研究对象，通过水洗和酸洗制取相应的生物质样，低温灰化并采用XRF进行灰成分分析，结合傅立叶红外光谱法分析了生物质在洗脱过程中分子结构的变化。研究发现芦苇的灰分中无机盐占99．8％，其中含水溶性盐占矿物质12．47％，难溶或不溶于水的矿物质占87．33％，有机矿物质只有0．2％。芦苇中矿物质的主要成分为si，其次是S、K、Al、Ca、P、Mn和Fe，水洗对含S、K、Ca等矿物质的影响较为明显。芦苇的分子结构红外谱图在特征峰区和指纹区都有缔舍吸收峰，且含有较多的直链和单键支链．存在较多的含氧基团，主要包括羰基、羧基、酸酐基团等。酸洗主要脱除了游离的N-H基团和Si-0基团，对有机硫基团的影响较小。

Study on the Change of Minerals and Molecular Structure during Biomass Washing Process

The typical aquatic plant in Poyang Lake, Reed, was uesd as the object in this experiment, and the samples were prepared by washing with water and acid. Low-temperature ashing and X-ray fluorescence （XRF） were used to analyze the ash compositions, and molecular structure was ana- lyzed by Fourier infrared spectrum （RI＇IR）. The resuhs show that inorganic minerals in Reed almost is 99.8%, in which the water-soluble salt is 12.74%, water-indissolvable or water-insoluble salts 87.06%, and organic minerals is 0.2%. The main minerals are Si in Reed, followed by S, K, A1, Ca, P, Mn and Fe. It is obviously that most of S, K and Ca are removed by water-washed. There are association absorption peaks in the characteristic peak area and the fingerprint area of the infrared spectrum of Reed, and there are more linear chain and single-bond branched chain. There are more oxygen-containing groups, mainly including carbonyl groups carboxyl groups, and anhydride groups, etc. N-H groups and Si-O groups are washed out during Acid washing, but acid washing is little ef- fective to organic sulfur groups.