长沙地区混合通风住宅老年人空调使用行为

为研究混合通风建筑内人员的空调使用行为对建筑能耗的影响，对夏热冬冷地区以老年人为主的住宅空调系统及室内环境进行为期一年的连续监测，收集了气象参数、空调使用率、开启时间、室内的设定温度等数据. 分析表明：夏季和冬季在客厅、餐厅以及主卧开启空调的时间均有所不同. 在夏季，客厅与餐厅的设定温度较为集中，主要为26~28 ℃，主卧的室内设定温度主要为25~29 ℃，三者设定温度的峰值均在27.5 ℃左右；在冬季，各房间的室内设定温度相差不大，频率最高的温度为20.5 ℃. 夏季住宅内老年人日间室外耐受温度约为31 ℃，夜间约为26 ℃；而冬季住宅内老年人日间室外耐受温度约为12 ℃，夜间耐受温度约为8 ℃. 同时建立了空调开启率与环境温度之间的逻辑回归模型、空调开启时间以及室内温度正态分布模型，为研究混合通风住宅建筑空调使用行为提供参考.

Air-conditioning Use Behaviors of Elderly in Mixed-mode Residential Buildings in Changsha

Air-conditioning use behaviors of the people in mixed-mode buildings have a significant impact on building energy. A one-year field investigation was conducted in mixed-mode residential buildings mainly on the elderly in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Region. Climate parameters, air-conditioning usage rates, turning-on time, and indoor set-point temperatures were continuously monitored and recorded. The results show that the periods of the elderly using air conditioners in the living rooms, dining rooms, and bedrooms were different in summer and winter. In summer, the indoor set-point temperatures of living rooms and dining rooms were both mostly within 26~28°C, and those of bedrooms mainly varied within 25~29°C. The most frequent set-point temperature of the three rooms was 27.5°C. In the winter, the indoor set-point temperatures of all rooms were similar, and the most frequently selected one was 20.5°C. In summer, the outdoor tolerance temperatures of the elderly were about 31°C and 26°C in the daytime and night, respectively. In winter, the outdoor tolerance temperature of the elderly was about 12 °C and 8°C in the daytime and night, respectively. Besides, this study established the logistic regression models between air-conditioning use rates and outdoor temperatures, normal-distributed models of air-conditioning use rates over time, as well as the models of indoor set-point temperature distribution. This study provides a reference for researches on air-conditioning use behaviors in mixed-mode residential buildings.