用一次快拍数据实现二维完全解相干和解互耦

针对相干信源背景和考虑二维阵列互耦效应时的二维波达方向(direction of arrival, DOA)快速估计问题，提出了一种只利用一次快拍数据即可实现二维完全解相干和解互耦的快速算法--互耦效应下的单次快拍波达方向矩阵(single snapshot DOA matrix method in the presence of mutual coupling, MC-SS-DOAM)法。该算法仅利用特殊阵列的单次快拍数据构造等效的接收数据协方差矩阵，避免了传统算法需要多次快拍累积的弊端，将其分解后得到了具有对角阵形式的等效信号协方差矩阵，因此实现了完全解相干，此时互耦系数已经从阵列流型矩阵中剥离，归入至对角元素中，即实现了完全解互耦。文中进一步对互耦系数可能导致的二维盲角进行了分析。仿真结果表明,该算法能够完全实现解互耦和解相干，且仅利用一次快拍的本文算法二维估计性能接近50次快拍的DOAM算法，明显优于40次快拍的DOAM算法。

Two-dimensional decorrelation and decoupling using single snapshot

In order to estimate two-dimensional DOA (2-D DOA) fast in the presence of mutual coupling and coherent environments, a novel fast single snapshot DOA matrix method in the presence of mutual coupling (MC-SS-DOAM) is proposed for two-dimensional decorrelation and decoupling. The algorithm makes use of single snapshot from an especial array to constitute an equivalent receiving data covariance matrix, which can avoidthe cumulation of snapshots. The diagonal form equivalent signal covariance matrix is acquired by decomposing the equivalent receiving data covariance matrix. Therefore, decorrelation can be accomplished. The mutual coupling coefficients can be isolated from a steering matrix and be absorbed into the diagonal elements of the equivalent signal covariance matrix. Therefore, decoupling can be accomplished. Moreover, the 2-D blind angle caused by mutual coupling coefficients is analyzed. The simulation results validate the feasibility of decorrelation and decoupling, the estimation performance of the algorithm using single snapshot is close to the performance of the direction of arrival matrix(DOAM) algorithm using 50 snapshots and is better than the performance of the DOAM algorithm using 40 snapshots.