Biology of the CAPA peptides in insects |
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Authors: | R Predel C Wegener |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of General Zoology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Erbertstrasse 1, 07743 Jena, Germany;(2) Emmy Noether Neuropeptide Group, Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse, 35032 Marburg, Germany |
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Abstract: | CAPA peptides have been isolated from a broad range of insect species as well as an arachnid, and can be grouped into the
periviscerokinin and pyrokinin peptide families. In insects, CAPA peptides are the characteristic and most abundant neuropeptides
in the abdominal neurohemal system. In many species, CAPA peptides exert potent myotropic effects on different muscles such
as the heart. In others, including blood-sucking insects able to transmit serious diseases, CAPA peptides have strong diuretic
or anti-diuretic effects and thus are potentially of medical importance. CAPA peptides undergo cell-type-specific sorting
and packaging, and are the first insect neuropeptides shown to be differentially processed. In this review, we discuss the
current knowledge on the structure, distribution, receptors and physiological actions of the CAPA peptides.
Received 28 April 2006; received after revision 5 June 2006; accepted 4 July 2006 |
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Keywords: | Neuropeptides hormones Drosophila vesicle sorting peptide processing diuresis Chelicerata prohormone convertase |
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