“物我交融”与“物我相隔”——陶渊明与华兹华斯自然诗的观物方式比较

陶渊明和华兹华斯,一个代表中国晋宋之际田园诗的顶峰,一个是19世纪英国浪漫主义的丰碑,两位诗人都崇尚自然,返回到了自然之中。由于二者对自然的理解不同,观物方式也大相径庭,一个以物观物,达到了物我交融的境界,一个以我观物,造成了物我相隔。究其原因,源于他们的相异文化背景下所形成的不同思维方式,即西方文化是从分析的角度来对待自然,而中国文化很大程度上是用综合的方法去理解自然。

Melting Ego and Things and Separating Ego from Things: The Things-viewing Comparison between Tao Yuanming's and Wordsworth's Natural Poems

Tao Yuanming and Wordsworth, the former being an idyllic representative of the Chinese Jin and Song dynasty, the latter being a monument of the 19th century English Romantic, respect nature and return to the nature. Their physical views are different because their different understanding of nature, the former being a physical view of things and blending ego and things, the latter being mental view of things and resulting in the separation of ego and things. The reason stems from their distinct cultural context, different way of thinking. Western culture treats nature from the perspective of the analysis while the Chinese culture largely from an integrated approach.