Fuzzy c-means clustering based on spatial neighborhood information for image segmentation

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is one of the most popular methods for image segmentation.However,the standard FCM algorithm is sensitive to noise because of not taking into account the spatial information in the image.An improved FCM algorithm is proposed to improve the antinoise performance of FCM algorithm.The new algorithm is formulated by incorporating the spatial neighborhood information into the membership function for clustering.The distribution statistics of the neighborhood pixels and the prior probability are used to form a new membership function.It is not only effective to remove the noise spots but also can reduce the misclassified pixels.Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and robust to noise than the standard FCM algorithm.