海岸带滩涂资源的开发利用与保护研究进展

在归纳了滩涂可提供资源的不同类型及开发利用方式的基础上,探讨滩涂开发利用对海岸带水动力条件、泥沙冲淤环境、滩槽稳定性、海岸带生态环境、生物多样性及其他海洋资源等造成的主要影响。滩涂开发利用环境影响的评价模型主要有:生态-经济模型、多指标层次分析模型、DPSIR模型。根据滩涂开发利用中产生的环境影响中一些较突出的方面,概括了在滩涂开发利用规划、实施过程中普遍需要关注的方面,针对滨海湿地资源的保护、生物资源的保护、围垦区块生态环境的保护,提出了相应的保护措施。

Advances in development, utilization, and protection of coastal tidal flats

Through a summary of different types and development and utilization modes of available resources in tidal flats, the impacts of development and utilization of tidal flats on hydrodynamic conditions, sediment erosion and deposition, stability of the main channel and flood plain, the ecological environment, biodiversity, and other marine resources in the coastal zone are examined. Models for evaluating the environmental impacts of development and utilization of tidal flats mainly include the ecological-economic model, multi-index analytic hierarchy model, and DPSIR model. According to some significant aspects of the environmental impacts of development and utilization of tidal flats, a few aspects that require attention during the process of planning and implementation of development and utilization of tidal flats are summarized. Finally, protection measures for coastal wetland resources, biological resources, and the ecological environment in reclamation areas are put forward.