GIS,RS和GPS支持下的精确施肥理论技术及展望

以精确农业为背景，在分析了“土壤-作物-养分”间的复杂关系的基础上，概括了信息技术(RS，GIS，GPS)、生物技术、机械技术和化工技术支持下的精确施肥模型。详细阐述了以遥感(RS)技术支持为主体的土壤数据和作物营养实时数据采集技术；全球定位系统(GPS)支持下的空间数据采集和控制施肥技术；地理信息系统支持下的施肥综合决策系统。探讨了当前精确施肥技术理论的进步与不足，并为结合中国国情发展精确施肥作了探索。

TECHNOLOGY AND THEORIES OF SITE-SPECIFIC FERTILIZATION AND ITS PROSPECT SUPPORTED BY GIS, RS AND GPS

This paper discusses the concept and the necessity of the site-specific fertilization on the (background) of precision agriculture and on the basis of analyzing the relationships of soil, crop and crop (nutrition). It introduces theories and key point technology of information (mainly in RS, GIS and GPS), biology, mechanism engineering and chemical engineering which support the technology of site-specific (fertilization). It also introduces the detail of how to use the technology of remote sensing to get the data of soil fertility and get the information of crop nutrition. It explicates the progress and deficiency of how to use the GPS to get hold of positional information and control the automatons' action of fertilization. The decision-making of site-specific fertilization supported by GIS is also introduced in detail. The progress and deficiencies of current technology in site-specific fertilization are discussed and developed. Under the (conditions) of China, it is helpful to investigate into the development of site-specific fertilization.