基于权系数法的功率和载荷协同控制策略

针对大型风机在高风速区由风剪切效应引起的输出功率波动和叶轮不平衡载荷，从功率和载荷两个维度出发，以NREL公司的5MW陆基风机为对象，提出一种基于权系数法的功率和载荷双目标协同的独立变桨控制策略。首先，以遗传算法优化的PID作为主控制器，通过风轮转速反馈得到统一变桨距角；其次，根据方位角反馈得到各桨叶的动态权系数，以此调整各桨叶的桨距角；最后，将叶根挥舞力矩反馈给模糊PID控制器得到载荷影响下的桨距角微调量，并对桨距角进行修正。通过FAST和Matlab/Simulink平台联合仿真，将所提控制策略与统一变桨距控制和独立变桨PI控制对比分析。结果表明，所提控制策略能有效地将输出功率稳定在额定功率附近，并且对于降低风轮不平衡载荷具有显著效果。

Research on power and load cooperative control strategy based on weight coefficient method

Aiming at the output power fluctuation and unbalanced impeller load caused by wind shear effect in the high wind speed region of large wind turbines, an independent pitch control strategy based on the power and load dual-objective synergy of power and load based on the weight coefficient method is proposed for NREL''s 5MW land-based wind turbine from both power and load dimensions. First, the PID optimized by genetic algorithm is used as the main controller to get the uniform variable pitch angle through the wind turbine speed feedback; then, the dynamic weight coefficient of each blade is obtained according to the azimuth angle feedback to adjust the pitch angle of each blade; finally, the blade root waving moment is fed to the fuzzy PID controller to get the pitch angle fine-tuning under the influence of load, and the pitch angle is corrected. The proposed control strategy is compared and analyzed with the unified pitch control and independent pitch PI control through the joint simulation of FAST and Matlab/Simulink platforms. The results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively stabilize the output power near the rated power and has a significant effect on reducing the unbalanced load of the wind turbine.