安徽省1980—2020年土壤侵蚀时空变化特征

土壤侵蚀不仅会造成土壤破坏、肥力下降，甚至会造成自然灾害，研究土壤侵蚀分布特征及其驱动因素，对于治理水土流失和保障土壤生产力具有重要意义。基于修正的通用土壤流失方程(revised universal soil loss equation, RUSLE)模型，利用降雨、土壤、数字高程模型(digital elevation model, DEM)、土地利用等数据，分析安徽省1980、2000、2005、2010、2015和2020年土壤侵蚀强度时空演变特征，基于地理信息系统(geographic information system, GIS)技术进一步探讨了土壤侵蚀变化与土地利用类型之间的关系。结果表明：安徽省40年来土壤侵蚀整体呈现先降低后略微回升的趋势，1980年侵蚀总量为6 510.92万t/a, 2005年降低到3 169.26万t/a, 2020年回升为4 205.01万t/a。安徽省整体侵蚀以微度侵蚀为主，由北至南侵蚀强度逐渐加剧，强度及以上等级的侵蚀主要集中在皖西大别山区、皖南丘陵山地区。安徽省土壤侵蚀强度发生改变的区域主要集中在皖西大别山区和皖南丘陵山地区。草地的土壤...

Spatial-temporal characteristics of soil erosion in Anhui Province from 1980 to 2020

Based on RUSLE model and data of rainfall, soil, DEM and land use, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of soil erosion intensity in anhui Province in 1980, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. The relationship between soil erosion change and land use type was further discussed based on GIS technology. The results show that :(1) The overall soil erosion in anhui province in the past 40 years shows a trend of decreasing first and then rising slightly. The total erosion in 1980 was 65.1092 million t.a^-1, decreased to 31.6926 million t.a^-1 in 2005, and rose to 42.0501 million t.a^-1 in 2020. (2) The overall erosion in Anhui province is mainly micro erosion, and the erosion intensity is gradually intensified from north to south. The erosion intensity and above is mainly concentrated in the Dabie mountain area in west Anhui and the hilly area in south Anhui. (3) The change of soil erosion intensity in Anhui province mainly occurred in Dabie mountain area in west Anhui and the hilly area in south Anhui. (4) The total amount of soil erosion in grassland is relatively high. In 2020, the average erosion modulus and erosion amount of grassland in Anhui province were 2734.49 t.(km².a)^-1 and 22.48328 t.a^-1 respectively, and the erosion intensity and above is mainly concentrated in grassland. The results can provide data support for soil and water conservation in Anhui Province.