高含盐废水热力法处理技术的综述与优选

随着国家工业不断发展，工业废水排放量逐步提高。其中高盐废水成分复杂、腐蚀性强、易结垢，同时还要考虑无机盐回收等问题，处理难度大。对比介绍了目前高盐废水主要处理技术，重点分析对比了包括多效蒸发法、机械蒸汽再压缩法和多级闪蒸法的3种热力法处理技术，得出耦合生物法、膜法或热力法等多种处理技术能够增加处理高盐废水的彻底性与效率的结论。考虑到蒸发法处理废水会加剧碳排放，从碳中和角度考虑，讨论了引入可再生能源和蒸发冷却节能技术耦合热力法处理废水的可行性，并对系统智能化控制做出展望。

Review and Optimization of Thermodynamic Treatment Technology for High-Salinity Wastewater

With the continuous development of the national industry, the emissions of industrial wastewater has gradually increased. The high-salt wastewater is difficult to treat due to the complex components, strong corrosiveness, and easy scaling. At the same time, the recovery of inorganic salts must also be considered. The main treatment technologies for high-salt wastewater were compared and introduced, and three thermal treatment technologies including multi-effect evaporation method, mechanical vapor recompression method and multistage flash distillation method were analyzed and compared with emphasis. Also, a conclusion was drawn that the combination of various treatment technologies, such as biology, membrane or thermodynamics, can increase the thoroughness and efficiency of high-salt wastewater treatment. Considering that evaporation technology will increase carbon emissions, considered from the perspective of carbon neutralization, the feasibility of introducing renewable energy and evaporative cooling energy-saving technology coupled with thermal treatment of wastewater is discussed, and an outlook for intelligent control of the system is proposed.