仿植被高光谱伪装材料技术研究进展

 近年来高光谱成像技术迅速发展,在军事领域应用十分广泛,这既为军事侦察带来了巨大机遇,也为军事伪装带来了前所未有的挑战。分析了高光谱成像探测技术对伪装隐身技术产生的威胁以及传统高光谱伪装材料与技术面临的巨大困境,分别从植物伪装技术、基于无机颜料的仿生伪装、基于叶绿素的仿生伪装等材料体系阐述了模拟植被背景的高光谱伪装材料与技术研究现状,指出现有高光谱伪装材料与技术中仿生伪装技术存在仿生材料无法精准模拟绿色植被的特征吸收峰、稳定性及耐久性较差、材料整体厚度大,难以实现实际的大规模应用等弊端,在此基础上提出基于活体生物的“生态伪装”技术伪装对策,指出改进“仿生伪装”技术和优化“生态伪装”技术为高光谱伪装材料与技术的未来发展方向和趋势。

Research status and development trend of imitated vegetation hyperspectral camouflage material technology

In recent years, the hyperspectral imaging technology sees a rapid development and is widely applied in the military field, with great opportunities for military reconnaissance and unprecedented challenges for military camouflage. This paper analyzes a specular like detection technology for disguising the threat of the stealth technology and the difficulties in the traditional hyperspectral camouflage materials and technology. The researches of the hyperspectral camouflage materials and technologies for simulating the vegetation background are reviewed, focusing on four material systems:The plant camouflage technology, the biomimetic camouflage based on inorganic pigments, the biomimetic camouflage based on the chlorophyll and the "ecological camouflage" based on living organisms. The shortcomings of the existing hyperspectral camouflage materials and techniques in the biomimetic camouflage technology are analyzed. It is shown that the bionic materials cannot accurately simulate the characteristic absorption peak of the green vegetation, the stability and the durability of the biomimetic materials are poor, and the overall thickness of the materials is large, which is difficult to realize in the practical large-scale application. On this basis, a camouflage strategy is put forward to use the "ecological camouflage" based on living organisms. It is proposed that the future development direction and the trend of the hyperspectral camouflage materials and technology are to improve the "bionic camouflage" technology and optimize the "ecological camouflage" technology.