Implications of the polymorphism of HLA-G on its function,regulation, evolution and disease association |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Eduardo?A?DonadiEmail author Erick?C?Castelli Antonio?Arnaiz-Villena Michel?Roger Diego?Rey Philippe?Moreau |
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Institution: | 1.Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeir?o Preto,University of S?o Paulo,Ribeir?o Preto,Brazil;2.Department of Immunology,University Complutense, The Madrid Regional Blood Center,Madrid,Spain;3.Laboratoire d’Immunogénétique,Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal,Montreal,Canada;4.Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique/DSV/I2BM/Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie,IUH, H?pital Saint-Louis,Paris,France |
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Abstract: | The HLA-G gene displays several peculiarities that are distinct from those of classical HLA class I genes. The unique structure of
the HLA-G molecule permits a restricted peptide presentation and allows the modulation of the cells of the immune system.
Although polymorphic sites may potentially influence all biological functions of HLA-G, those present at the promoter and
3′ untranslated regions have been particularly studied in experimental and pathological conditions. The relatively low polymorphism
observed in the MHC-G coding region both in humans and apes may represent a strong selective pressure for invariance, whereas,
in regulatory regions several lines of evidence support the role of balancing selection. Since HLA-G has immunomodulatory
properties, the understanding of gene regulation and the role of polymorphic sites on gene function may permit an individualized
approach for the future use of HLA-G for therapeutic purposes. |
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