基于拥挤度的旅游路线优化模型研究

景点游客的过度拥挤容易导致安全事故和游客的旅游体验下降。为游客设计并推荐旅游路线是一种有效的客流引导方法。采用景点拥挤度来描述景点的拥挤状况,提出了旅游体验效用函数。以此为基础,在考虑景点服务时间、旅游时间和费用预算等约束条件下,建立了基于旅游体验效用最大化的旅游路线优化模型,设计了蚁群算法求解。为验证所建模型和算法的有效性,以设计的旅游交通网络为例进行了分析。结果表明：景点拥挤会影响到游客在景点的旅游活动时间和旅游体验效用。在旅游路线优化中应考虑景点拥挤因素,以便为游客提供最佳的游览方案。

Study on Optimization Model for Tour Route Based on Congestion Degree

It is easier to cause safety accidents and decline the tourism experience of tourists that the tourists in the attractions are overcrowded. Planning tour route for tourists is an effective solution of guide accounting. A concept of congestion degree was proposed to describe the congestion level of attraction and the function of the tourism experience utility was proposed. Taking into account the service time of attraction, the budget of the time and cost, the optimal model of the tour route planning was established based on tourism experience utility maximization. In addition, the ant colony algorithm was developed to solve the mode. Then the model and algorithm were verified by an example. The results indicated that the attraction congestion had great influences on the tourism activities time and the tourism experience utility of the tourist. To provide tourists with the best tour route, the attraction congestion should be considered in the tour route optimization.