多视点复合区园林景观最佳观赏位置空间分布特点研究

为了研究多视点复合区园林景观最佳观赏位置空间分布特点,以某森林公园为研究对象,采用GPS航行轨迹进行跟踪,选取某一景观,并将其作为中心,获取可视区域,对相关数据进行采集。从研究森林公园中挑出4个观赏位置,通过层次分析法获取不同因子的权重系数,把研究景观单因素和相应权重系数相乘,获取研究景观不同观赏位置依据GIS的整体视觉景观排名,计算美景度,将二者结合在一起确定最佳观赏位置。分析最佳观赏位置空间分布距离特点、最佳观赏位置空间分布象限特点、不同布局形式下最佳观赏位置空间分布特点以及最佳观赏位置空间景观容量特点,得出以下结论：最佳观赏位置视点场分布大部分在景观高度四倍距离区间内；第一象限与第八象限的视点频率较其余象限更高,空间布局的轴线方向能够显著提高景观的方向性,最佳观赏位置右侧视点分布比例比左侧更高；中心式布局最佳观赏位置视点场呈环状,景观的不同观赏点均需有高观赏性,场地开阔,针对扇形视点场,人流方向有很长的场地,可通过两面观赏多视点复合区园林景观；最佳观赏位置具有视觉空间容量大,视觉景观容量小的特点。经实验验证,得到的研究结果准确。

Study on the spatial distribution characteristics of the best ornamental position in the multi view compound area

In order to study the spatial distribution characteristics of the best ornamental position of the multi view complex area garden landscape, taking a Forest Park as the research object, using the GPS navigation track to track the landscape, select a landscape and take it as the center to obtain the visual area and collect the related data. 4 ornamental positions were picked out from the study of Forest Park, and the weight coefficients of different factors were obtained by analytic hierarchy process. The research landscape single factor and the corresponding weight coefficient were multiplied to obtain the overall visual landscape ranking of the different viewing locations of the landscape based on GIS, to calculate the beauty of the landscape, and to combine the two to determine the best viewing position. The. The spatial distribution distance characteristic of the best ornamental position, the best ornamental position spatial distribution quadrant, the spatial distribution characteristic of the best ornamental position under different layout and the space landscape capacity characteristics of the best ornamental position are analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: the best viewing location field distribution is four times the distance area of the landscape height. The visual point frequency of the first quadrant and the eighth quadrant is higher than the rest quadrant. The axis direction of the spatial layout can significantly improve the direction of the landscape. The right view distribution ratio of the best ornamental position is higher than that on the left side. The best viewing location of the central layout is circular, and the different ornamental points of the landscape need to be highly ornamental. For the fan-shaped field of view, there is a very long field in the direction of the fan. It can watch the landscape of multi view complex area through two sides. The best viewing position has the characteristics of large visual space capacity and small visual landscape capacity. After experimental verification, the result is accurate.