花边星齿蛉幼虫矿质元素和脂肪酸含量的初步分析

分别采用ICP-OES法和法GC-MS对分布于吉首市峒河流域的花边星齿蛉幼虫的矿质元素和脂肪酸进行测定.结果表明，该种幼虫富含常量矿质元素，含量高低依次为K，Ca，Mg，P，其中K高达5 206.00 μg/g；微量元素含量高低依次为Fe，Zn，Mn，Cu，Ba，Se，Co，其中Fe 520.75 μg/g，Zn 154.15 μg/g；有害元素Al未检出，Cd达到0.88 μg/g，高于国家标准（GB 2762-2017）规定的Cd含量.粗脂肪超过干重的30%，共分离出11个峰，包含8种脂肪酸，其中饱和脂肪酸约55.2%，不饱和脂肪酸约44.8%，人体必需脂肪酸约为0.8%.总体上，花边星齿蛉幼虫是一种富含人体所需矿质元素和脂肪酸的食用昆虫，但考虑到其对有害元素Cd具有一定的富集性，因此不宜常吃多吃，建议少量食用在水质优良的河流、溪沟中捕捉的虫体.

Preliminary Assay of Mineral Elements and Fatty Acids in the Larvae of Protohermes Costalis (Walker)

With ICP-OES and GC-MS, respectively, the content of mineral elements and fatty acids is determined in the larvae of Protohermes costalis (Walker) distributed in Dong River basin of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture. The results showed that the larvae were rich in mineral elements. The content of major elements from high to low was K, Ca, Mg and P, with the content of K up to 5 206.00 μg/g. That of trace elements from high to low was Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ba, Se and Co, with the content of Fe and Zn being 520.75 μg/g and 154.15 μg/g, respectively. The harmful element Al was not detected, but the content of Cd was up to 0.878 μg/g, which was higher than the Cd content standard in Pollutant Limit in Food (GB2762 2017). The content of fatty acids in the larvae was more than 30% of the dry weight. A total of 11 peaks containing 8 fatty acids were separated. The saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid accounted for 55.4% and 44.862% of the total fat, respectively, and the essential fatty acid was 0.8%. It is concluded that the P. costalis larvae are rich in mineral elements and fatty acids. However, for the putative enrichment of Cd it is suggested that the P. costalis larvae for food should be collected from rivers and streams with high-quality water.