苯并噁嗪/环氧树脂基耐高温防火复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用无溶剂法合成了双酚A型苯并噁嗪树脂(BOZ),添加成碳剂后与环氧树脂共固化制备耐高温树脂基体,并用该树脂基体与玻璃纤维布制备了耐高温防火复合材料。表征了噁嗪树脂的结构以及噁嗪树脂与环氧树脂的固化特性,采用TG-DTA研究了固化体系的耐热性;对添加不同成碳剂的树脂基体及其复合材料在1000℃火焰中燃烧,研究了成碳剂对材料残碳率和碳层形貌的影响。结果表明,树脂基体分解放热峰的峰顶温度为670℃;当加入质量分数5%复配成碳剂时,树脂基体残碳率为68.83%;其玻璃纤维增强的复合材料在1000℃火焰中燃烧15min后残碳率为25.82%,碳层均匀附着在玻璃纤维表面,起到隔热和烧蚀作用,使复合材料具有良好的短效防火性。

Preparation and performance of a high temperature resistance and fireproof benzoxazine-epoxy resin matrix composite

Bisphenol-A benzoxazine resin (BOZ) has been synthesized using a solvent-free method. A high temperature resistant and fireproof composite was prepared using a glass fiber cloth and a BOZ/epoxy (EP) co-cured resin matrix with adding charring agent. The molecular structure of BOZ was verified by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The co-curing reaction of BOZ with EP was investigated by DSC. The thermal properties of the co-cured resin matrix were studied by TG-DTA. The carbon yield ratio and carbon layer structure of the co-cured resin matrix and composite were studied after burning the material in a 1000℃ flame. The results showed that the maximum temperature of the matrix decomposition was 670℃. The carbon yield ratio of the matrix was 68.83% when 5% charring agent was added, and 25.82% after burning for 15 minutes in a 1000℃ flame. The carbon layer adheres evenly to the glass fiber surface. The carbon layer provides thermal insulation and ablation resistance, endowing the composite material with excellent short-term fireproof properties.