On Modeling Bio-Scaffolds: Structural and Fluid Transport Characterization Based on 3-D Imaging Data |
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Authors: | Zhigang Hu Bruno Notarberardino Matthew Baker Gavin Tabor Liang Hao Irene Turner Lincoln Yang |
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Institution: | 1. Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China;2. School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom;4. Shanghai Gaitech Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200030, China |
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Abstract: | Bio-scaffolds which are most commonly open celled porous structures are increasingly used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A number of studies have shown that the bulk properties of such irregular structures are poorly modeled using idealized unit cell approaches. The paper therefore uses novel image based meshing techniques to explore both fluid flow and bulk structural properties of a bone scaffold, as accurate modeling of bio-scaffolds with non-uniform cellular structures is very important for the development of optimal scaffolds for tissue engineering application. In this study, a porous hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) bone scaffold has been scanned in a Micro-CT scanner, and converted into a volumetric mesh using image processing software developed by the authors. The resulting mesh was then exported to commercial FEA and CFD solvers for analysis. Initial FEA and CFD studies have shown promising results and have highlighted the importance of accurate modeling to understand how microstructures influence the mechanical property of the scaffold, and to analyze flow regimes through the sample. The work highlights the potential use of image based meshing for the ad hoc characterization of scaffolds as well as for assisting in the design of scaffolds with tailored strength, stiffness, and transport properties. |
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