高碱氧化铜矿堆浸过程中的化学沉淀与调控

以高碱氧化铜矿为研究对象,运用电镜扫描技术、X线衍射技术研究堆浸过程中化学沉淀的成分及沉淀物的表面形貌,并通过添加不同的防垢剂对化学沉淀进行调控.研究结果表明:CaSO4.2H2O沉淀是堆浸过程中化学沉淀的主要成分,属于一类沉淀物,不受pH控制.CaSO4·2H2O沉淀结晶受饱和度影响,扩散机制是晶核生长的主导机制.防垢剂对CaSO4·2H2O沉淀具有明显的溶蚀作用,其中以水解聚马来酸酐HPMA对CaSO4.2H2O的溶解效果最好,其添加量与对CaSO4·2H2O沉淀溶蚀能力呈指数函数关系,Ca2+的浓缩倍数最高可达到1078.54％.

Chemical precipitation and control in process of heap leaching of high-alkali oxide copper ore

Using high-alkaline oxidation copper ore as the research object,electron microscope scanning technology and X-ray diffraction technology were used to research the composition of chemical precipitation and observe the surface morphology of precipitation,and different anticrustators were added to control production of chemical precipitation.The results show that the main chemical precipitation in the process of heap leaching of high-alkali oxide copper ore is CaSO4·2H2O,belongs to the first precipitation and not controlled by pH.The crystallizing is affected by the saturation of CaSO4·2H2O,and the main growing machining of crystal nucleus is diffusion mechanism.The anticrustator plays an obvious dissolution role to CaSO4·2H2O,especially the anticrustator HPMA owns the best effects,and additive amount is in exponential relationship with the dissolution ability to precipitation.The concentration multiple of Ca2+ is up to 1 078.54%.