压裂用支撑剂的现状与展望

水平井和水力压裂的技术突破,决定了美国页岩气革命的成功,在当时极大缓解了美国的能源危机.随着全球非常规页岩气和致密油的开发日渐风靡,作为压裂技术中不可忽略的支撑剂的相关选择、携带和运移等问题,也得到越来越多的关注.本文回顾支撑剂的发展历史,综述常用支撑剂的种类、优缺点和研发趋势,结合实例对包覆类、超高强、超轻、自悬浮、新型棒状等新型支撑剂进行介绍,并展望其发展和应用趋势.我国非常规油气资源丰富,但低渗、低压且低丰度的储层特点对压裂开采技术提出新挑战.未来支撑剂材料的研发将面向高性能、多功能、小尺寸和智能化四个大方向.

Overview of fracturing proppants

The success of the shale gas revolution in America largely depended on the breakthrough in the key technologies of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing.Because of this,America's energy crisis was greatly relieved.With more and more people focusing on the exploration of shale gas and tight oil,the novel technologies on how to choose,carry or transport fracturing proppants catch more and more attention.Three common kinds of traditional proppants (sands,ceramics and resin-coated sands) as well as the novel fracturing types (self-suspending,ultra-high-strength,ultra-light-weight and novel rod-shaped proppants) were reviewed.The future potential applications are explored and the analysis could be valuable for researchers and engineers to exploit unconventional oil and gas reservoirs in China.High-property,multi-function,mini-size and smart modification are predicted to be the primary development tread for proppants.