明代中叶后漕军的积债问题

明代漕军是漕运任务的主要承担者。明中后期由于漕军的收入有限而负担却异常沉重，又遭受种种剥削勒索，陷入了非借债不能维生的地步。借债不但没有能解决问题，反而成为漕军的另外一项重负，致使漕军逮亡与侵盗漕粮不断。明代政府采取了一些补救的措施，但收效甚微。明代漕军的积债问题反映了明代漕政的废弛与明代吏治的腐败。

On the Debt Problem of Transportation Army After Middle Ming Dynasty

The transportation army was the main undertaker of canal transport in Ming dynasty.The transportation soldiers' incomes were restricted but expenses were very heavy,moreover,they suffered vari-ous blackmails and exploitations,so their debt problem was very serious.Their debt problems,couldn't be solued,became another heavy burden which cause transportation soldiers' escape and stealing.Ming gov-ernment carried out some measures,but with little effect.The debt problem of transportation army in Ming Dynasty reflected that the canal policies were obsolete and laxative and official management was depraved.