光学自由曲面铣床静动态特性研究

根据光学元件的加工工艺特点对光学自由曲面铣床进行了设计，并对光学自由曲面铣床进行了有限元(FE)建模及静动态特性分析.结果表明:在重力载荷条件下铣床原点位置时，重力平衡装置未工作时导轨直线度为0.7μm，重力平衡装置工作时导轨直线度为0.035μm，重力平衡装置未工作时丝杠直线度为2.3μm，重力平衡装置工作时丝杠直线度为0.2μm.提取了不同结构方案及材料方案光学自由曲面铣床的固有频率，振型显示影响加工精度的铣床首阶振型为第三阶，最优的动态特性设计方案为铣床Z轴电机安装在顶板上及铣床结构材料采用天然花岗岩，铣床结构材料采用天然花岗岩相比于铸铁可以显著提升铣床动态特性.

Research on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of the Optical Free-Form Milling Machine

An optical free-form milling machine is designed according to the technological characteristics of optical component manufacturing and the finite element(FE)modeling and static and dynamic characteristics analysis of the optical free-form surface milling machine are carried out. The results show that， at the original position under gravity load， when the gravity balance device is not working， the straightness of guide rail is 0.7μm， and when the gravity balance device is working， the straightness of guide rail is 0.035μm， when the gravity balance device is not working， the straightness of lead screw is 2.3μm， and when the gravity balance device is working， the straightness of lead screw is 0.2μm. The natural frequencies of the optical free-form surface milling machine with different structural schemes and material schemes are extracted， and the vibration mode shows that the first vibration mode of the milling machine that affects the machining precision is the third order， the optimal design scheme of dynamic characteristics is that the Z-axis motor of the milling machine is installed on the roof and the milling machine structure material uses natural granite， and the milling machine structure material using natural granite compared with cast iron can significantly improve the dynamic characteristics of the milling machine.