基于GIS的层次分析法的应用

基于GIS的层次分析采用层次分析法的一般原理,针对相关复杂自然因素和社会因素的地理现象或过程,利用GIS的空间分类与空间分析功能,对研究目标的相关地学因素的隶属关系进行划分,并综合专家的意见,对地学模型进行层次分析.综合分析的步骤包括:确定研究对象及目标,确定分析所需要的数据;对数据进行分析整理,建立地学数据库;总结研究对象构成目标的相关特征,建立层次指标模型,并运用空间分析提取分析因子;由专家对因子综合评分,再运用GIS技术和数学方法进行综合分析,确定模型参数;利用建立的模型对研究区未知对象进行分析与验证.此外,针对湘东北万古地区金矿床成矿特征,综合运用层次分析法和GIS技术建立了金矿找矿模型,并时研究区进行了靶区预测.

Application of GIS analytic hierarchy process

To deal with geographical phenomena and processes which relate to lots of interrelated complicated natural and social factors, AHP based on GIS adopts normal theory of AHP, and decentralizes slave relation of correlative geographical factors about research object by using spatial classification and spatial a-nalysis of GIS, and realizes analytic hierarchy process upon geographical model by integrating all voices from experts. The steps of AHP based on GIS are as follows. Firstly, ensure investigative objects and tar-gets, and ensure needed data for analysis. Secondly, analyze and settle data, and then create geodatabase. Thirdly, summarize correlative features, which result in targets of investigative objects, and to create hierarchical model about targets, and then distill analytic factors by using spatial analysis. Fourthly, grade the factors synthetically by experts, and then exert integrative analysis by using GIS techniques and mathematical methods and ensure parameters of the model. Finally, analyze and validate the unknown objects in investigative region by using the established model. In allusion to minerallizational features about gold deposit on Wangu region in northeast Hunan province, AHP based on GIS has established gold mine ore prospecting model by synthetically using AHP and GIS technology, and also has forecasted target area in research region.