长白落叶松人工林多目标经营模式研究

【目的】我国林业目前处于提高森林资源质量和转变发展方式的关键阶段，林分水平的经营决策对科学制订森林经营规程、提高森林质量具有重要意义。利用模拟-优化系统，探究不同林分条件下的最佳经营模式，可为提高黄花落叶松(Larix olgensis)(俗名长白落叶松)人工林多目标经营水平提供理论基础和实施方案。【方法】以标准长白落叶松人工幼龄林为研究对象，利用多属性效用函数和妥协性分析构建包括净现值、大径材产量和林木碳储量的多目标经营模型，链接林分生长模型与粒子群优化算法，优化不同经营方程并提出经营模式。【结果】在不同造林密度(2 500和3 300株/hm²)及不同地位指数(16～22 m)下两种多目标方程(MOF₁和MOF₂)估算的林分主伐年龄为54～96 a,净现值为38 047.8～109 194.9元/hm²,大径材年均产量为1.8～4.4 m³/(hm²·a),轮伐期内年均林木碳储量为59.7～103.1 t/(hm²·a)。随着林木...

Research on multi-objective management schedules of Larix olgensis plantations

【Objective】 At present, China’s forestry is in a critical stage of improving the quality of forest resources and transforming the development pattern. Management decisions at the stand level are of great significance for formulating forest management schedules scientifically and improving forest quality. In this study, a simulation-optimization system was used to identify the optimal management schedules for different stand conditions of larch (Larix olgensis) plantations. The results provide a theoretical foundation and silvicultural planning for multi-objective management of larch plantations.【Method】 Multi-attribute utility function and compromise analyses were applied to construct an objective function for multi-functional forestry including net present values, large log production, and forest carbon storage during the rotation, based on standard young larch plantations. Basic growth and yield models linked with the particle swarm optimization algorithm were used to the optimize forest management under different objective functions. The results were used to propose management guidelines for larch plantations.【Result】 The rotation lengths with the two multi-objective utility functions (MOF₁ and MOF₂) under different planting densities (2 500 trees per hm² and 3 300 trees per hm²) and different site indices (16-22 m) were 54-96 years; the net present value ranged from 38 047.8 to 109 194.9 yuan/hm², the mean annual large log production was 1.8-4.4 m³/hm², and the average forest carbon storage was 59.7-103.1 t/hm² during the rotation. With the increasing weight of forest carbon storage (from MOF₁ to MOF₂), large log production increased, but was achieved at the cost of the reduced net present value.【Conclusion】 The multi-objective management schedules proposed in the study can simultaneously satisfy the demand for wood production, quality, and economic profitability. At the same time, carbon storage of the forest is considered. The multi-objective utility function MOF₁ is a compromise between different management objectives. This study provides an important reference for improving the multi-functional forest management in China.