地震表层调查数据建模技术的探讨与应用

在地震野外采集中,由于低降速带造成的地震波吸收衰减较为严重,在激发井深设计时,需要考虑将药柱进入高速层激发,同时选取最佳激发岩性以提高单炮记录信噪比,达到改善地震资料品质的目的。所以建立精确的近地表模型是采集施工设计过程中的关键环节,通过探讨并模拟空间网格化方法、空间属性插值计算等关键技术,综合分析了包括小折射、微测井、岩性取心以及静力触探等多种近地表调查资料的解释成果,建立了一个基于深度、速度、岩性等多属性结合的一致近地表模型。该方法不仅改变了传统固定经验模式或者线性插值计算激发井深的现状,并通过相应的质量控制手段,有效弥补了商业地震采集软件在精细近地表建模和激发井深设计方面的不足。通过自主研发的软件产品在实际生产工区中进行的实践使用,取得了较好的应用效果。

Exploratory discussion#$NBSand application of#$NBSsurface survey#$NBSdata modeling#$NBStechnology

In seismic field acquisition, the low velocity zone of seismic wave caused by serious attenuation, when the excitation well depth design, need to consider the grain into the layer, and choose the best excitation lithology in order to improve single source records, achieve the purpose of improving the quality of seismic data, so accurate near surface model is the key link in the process of collection construction design, by discussing the grid method in space, the space attribute interpolation calculation, the key techniques such as give full consideration to the absorption of low velocity zone of seismic wave attenuation and best stimulate single source lithology to record the influence of signal-to-noise ratio and the quality of seismic data, including refraction are analyzed comprehensively, micro logging, lithologic coring, and a variety of near-surface survey data, such as the static sounding the interpretation of the results, is established.