湖南祁东县紫色土土壤动物群落结构多样性研究

2001~2002年,对湖南省祁东县紫色土分布区按不同生境设3个样区进行土壤动物调查.定性、定量分析了该县土壤动物群落结构、多样性及水平分布、垂直分布和季节分布特点.结果表明:蜱螨目、蜘蛛目、矛线目属于该县紫色土的优势类群;单齿目、弹尾目、膜翅目等16个类群为常见类群.不同生境中土壤动物的种类和个体数量都有一定的差异,桃树林的动物种类和数量最多.土壤动物的垂直分层也比较明显,种类和个体数量随着土壤层次的加深而减少,具有明显的表聚性.植被类型、土壤有机质含量是影响土壤动物群落结构的主要生态因子.

Community Diverisity of Soil Animals in Purple Soil of Qidong County, Hunan Province

This paper deals with community diversity of soil animal in purple soil.The researches were captured by sampling investigation on soil animals in purple soil of 3 kinds of different habitat in Qidong county,Hunan during 2001-2002.The research analyzed the structure and variety of soil animals and other characteristics: the horizontal distribution,the vertical distribution and the seasonal prevalence in determined nature and amount.The results showed that:Acaraina,Araneae and Dorylaimida were the dominant orders,16 orders such as Mononchida,Collembola and Hymenoptera were the common ones.There were certainly differences in the animal communities in the different soils of habitats.The animal individuals in peach-forest are obviously the most.The animals oppered evidently upright delamination,for the mainly live in the topsoil layer,so that their varieties and individuals decrease with the increasing of soil gradations.The results showed that the main ecological factors that effected the structure of the soil animal community are the vegetation types and organic contents.