杜鲁门政府对台湾政策调整探析

1949年底,杜鲁门政府从遏制苏联的全球战略出发,决定调整其对华政策,即由战后的“介入”政策转为“脱身”政策。该政策表现在台湾问题上就是,“撒手”了之,放弃干涉。然而,随着中苏结盟以及固有的反共思维的反弹,美国国内掀起一股“麦卡锡主义”恶浪,这使美政治环境严重恶化,杜鲁门政府的对外战略指导思想因此发生了根本的变化。朝鲜战争爆发后,杜鲁门政府对台政策彻底改弦易辙,美军派遣第七舰队封锁台湾海峡,企图以武力保护台湾,阻挠中国领土的统一。从此,台湾问题成为中美关系航道上的一座暗礁。

Analysis of Reasons for Policy Adjustment on Taiwan Made by the Truman Administration

At the end of 1949, aiming at checking the global strategy of the Soviet Union, the Truman Administration decided to adjust its policies to China, that is to say, it changed its policy of "getting involved" after the Second World War into the policy on "getting away", which demonstrated itself on the change of the policy from "letting go" to giving up interfering Taiwan issue. But with Sino-Soviet forming an alliance and reoccurrence of intrinsic anti-communism doctrine, there surged fierce wave of "McCarthy's doctrine" in USA, which not only made American political environment worsen seriously but also induced the Truman Administration to change its foreign strategic guiding theory basically. After the eruption of the Korean War, the Truman Administration danced to another tune. At the same time, it ordered the Navy' s Seventh Fleet to blockade the Taiwan straits under the pretence of protecting Taiwan and attempted to obstruct the territory unification of China. From then on, the Taiwan issue became a submerged reef on the channel of Sino-US relations, which makes it possible that the Titanic of the Sino-US relations could sink any time.