水平井流入控制阀控底水原理及影响因素分析

随着钻完井技术的发展，采用流入控制阀（ICD）完井技术开发底水油藏成为提高产量、降低成本的有效途径。弄清水平井ICD 控底水原理及影响因素成为利用其实现延缓底水锥进、提高油藏最终采收率的关键。在分析ICD 控水限流原理基础上，通过模拟计算，具体分析了流动剖面、环空流动、含水率等3 个影响控水效果的主要因素。分析结果表明：对于不具有高含水段的油藏，可以利用ICD 增大高渗段阻力，从而在牺牲总产液量的基础上降低产水，实现控水；ICD 所产生附加压降有效地减少了环空流动，增强了控水的稳定性，为实现长期稳油控水提供了保障；对储层物性参数分布认识出现偏差将会较大地影响ICD 的控水效果；对于存在高含水段的水平井，需要增大高含水段的附加压降，降低高含水段的产液量，才能有效实现控水。对水平井ICD 控底水原理及影响因素的分析结果为优化水平井ICD完井设计，控制底水锥进提供了技术思路。

Analyses of Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Controlling Bottom Water in Horizontal Well with Inflow Control Device

With the development of drilling and completion technology，developing bottom-water drive reservoir with inflowcontrol device（ICD）completion technique in horizontal well is efficient for increasing the yield and reducing the cost. Understandingthe mechanism and influencing factors of controlling bottom water in horizontal well with ICD is crucial to delaythe bottom water coning and improve the ultimate recovery with inflow control device technology. Based on the mechanismanalysis of ICD characterization for bottom water coning control and flowing restraint，this paper has simulated and studied the3 main influencing factors on ICD’s water control effect，namely，the flowing profile，annulus flow and water ratio. The resultsshow that：First，in reservoir without high water ratio section，ICD can be used to increase the hypertonic segment resistanceand water is controlled at the expense of total liquid production. Second，the additional pressure drop generated by ICD caneffectively reduce annulus flow and increase the stability of ICD water control to ensure long-term stable production and watercontrol. Third，misunderstanding of the reservoir properties will greatly affect ICD’s water control effect. Fourth，in horizontalwell with high water ratio section，the effective water control can be realized by increasing the additional pressure drop andlower the liquid production of the section. This study of ICD’s water control mechanism and influencing factors in horizontalwell can provide technical clue for optimizing ICD completion.