民间的声音——民意机关“西康民众代表驻京办事处”考论

晚清至民国,西康地区成了最为动荡的地区之一,“改土归流”、三次康藏冲突,达赖、班禅、诺那呼图克图等宗教势力,刘文辉、格桑泽仁的世俗力量都是这个历史舞台上的重要角色,这些角色学者们都从不同的角度进行了研究。西藏驻京办事处、班禅驻京办事处、诺那呼图克图驻京办事处,学者也都给予了关注。而成立七年之久(1930—1937),影响较大的“西康民众代表驻京办事处”并未引起应有的重视。在近代康藏之争中,各类民间组织“西康总商会”“西康国民协进会”“西康特区民众保固国防后援会”以社团的方式关注西康的稳定和发展。民间人士以请愿团或代表的身份到南京请愿、递交呈文、招待记者。民间社团、请愿团中的西康人士希望互递京康消息。由西康代表临时驻京,到“西康民众代表驻京办事处”成立,可见民间力量和国家意志的互动。

A Textual Research on "Nanjing’s Office of Xikang People's Representatives"

From the late Qing Dynasty to the Period of the Republic of China,Xikang was one of the most turbulent regions,where happened"bureaucratization of native officers""Tibetan troops invading to the east"and three armed clashes between Tibetan and Xikang’s troops.And in the region there were the religious authorities of Dalai Lama,Panchen Lama,Norna Khutukhtu,and some secular forces of Liu Wenhui and Gyesang Tsering.Scholars have studied Xikang of that period from different aspects,Tibet’s Nanjing Office,Panchen Lama’s Nanjing Office and Norna Khutukhtu’s Nanjing Office have attracted the attention of the scholars,but so far"Nanjing Office of Xikang People’s Representatives(1930-1937)"has not received due attention.In the modern history,the non-governmental organizations such like"Xikang General Chamber of Commerce","Xikang People’s Advancement Association"and"Xikang Peoples’National Defense Support Association"concerned the stability and development of Xikang.Some members of the organizations or petition groups went to Nanjing in order to transmit information back and force,and they stayed there and established"Nanjing Office of Xikang People’s Representatives",which demonstrates the communication between non-government organizations and the state.