论萨毗地区的吐蕃势力及其与归义军政权的关系

吐蕃在“安史之乱”以前已经占领了萨毗城,并设置了萨毗军当道节度,亦即khrom(军镇)。“安史之乱”爆发后,鄯善地区全部为其占领,吐蕃在这里设有萨毗地区节度使(khrom),归属吐蕃东道节度使和德伦盟会(bde blon vdun tsa)管辖。萨毗地区节度使最高长官将军(dmag dpon)仍然驻于萨毗城,在播仙、石城、新城等地派驻官员对这些地域进行管理。晚唐张氏归义军时期,吐蕃萨毗地区节度使政权被称为璨毗或璨微,与归义军进行通使往来,于阗独立后也通过萨毗地区节度使辖境进入敦煌等地。张氏金山国时期,张承奉曾派兵征讨璨微。此后的曹氏归义军时期,吐蕃萨毗地区节度使残余势力仍然与仲云部族一起占据着鄯善地区。

On Tubo’s Power in Tsepi Area and Its Relationship with the Gui-yi-jun Regime

The Tubo had occupied the Tsepi(Tshal-byi)City before the An-Shi Rebellion of the Tang Dynasty and set up Khrom as the military office commanding the Tsepi’s army.After the An-Shi Rebellion broke out,the Tubo occupied the entire Shanshan region,and Tsepi region was under the jurisdiction of the Tubo.The chief of the Tsepi region stationed in the Tsepi City and sent officials to Boxian,Shicheng and Xincheng to manage these regions.During the period of the Zhang’s Gui-yi-jun regime in the late Tang dynasty,the Khrom of the Tubo in the Tsebi region was known as Tsanpi or Tsanwei,which contacted with the Gui-yi-jun regime for the Tobo.After Khotan had become a independent country,it also entered Dunhuang and other areas through the Tsepi region.During the period of the Jinshan,Zhang Chengfeng sent troops to attack Khrom.After that,during the period of the Cao’s Gui-yi-jun regime,the Khrom of the Tubo in the Tsepi region still occupied the Shanshan region together with the Zhongyun Tribe.